Vase (III)

This vase was created in 2025. It is made of stoneware and granite sand, with ash and shino glaze.
It has been fired at cone 10 reduction.

What is a reduction kiln?
In the context of ceramics, "reduction" refers to a firing process where the amount of oxygen in the kiln is intentionally limited, leading to chemical changes in the clay and glazes. This differs from oxidation firing, where there is sufficient oxygen. Reduction firing is a ceramic firing technique where the oxygen supply to the kiln is restricted creates a “reducing atmosphere” where the fuel (like gas) doesn't have enough oxygen to burn completely. Instead of oxidizing, the carbon in the fuel reacts with the oxygen in the kiln, creating carbon monoxide. This carbon monoxide then pulls oxygen from the clay and glazes, causing chemical reactions that affect the final appearance of the pottery.
The effects of reduction firing include dramatically altering colours of glazes and clays. It can also create unique surface textures and effects, such as speckling caused by iron particles melting and migrating through the glaze. Reduction can also bring out metallic sheens.
Iron particles in the clay body can melt and bleed into the glaze, creating decorative spots or speckles.
In oxidation, there is sufficient oxygen, and the typical chemical reactions of firing occur, leading to predictable color outcomes.
In essence, reduction firing is a controlled way to manipulate the kiln atmosphere to achieve specific aesthetic results in ceramics, offering potters a wide range of possibilities beyond what is achievable in oxidation.